The author thanks Dr. Steve Ruggles of the University of Minnesota for guidance on the historical comparability of household relationship information in the decennial censuses.

This report is a collaborative effort based on the contributions and analysis of the following individuals:

Richard Fry, Senior Economist Kim Parker, Director, Social Trends Research Claudia Deane, Vice President of Research Renee Stepler, Research Assistant Eileen Patten, Research Analyst Michael Keegan, Information Graphics Designer Marcia Kramer, Kramer Editing Services

Find related reports online at www.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/social-trends.