This report, based on two surveys conducted with support from Pivotal Ventures, the executive office of Melinda Gates, was issued by Pew Research Center. The Center retained final editorial control over the questionnaire, the analysis of the survey data, and the contents of this report.

Pew Research Center received invaluable advice on the survey questionnaire from a panel of advisers that included several leading figures in the fields of work and family and paid family and medical leave:

Lonnie Berger, Director of the Institute for Research on Poverty and Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professor in the School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin-Madison Katie Bethell, Founder and Executive Director of PL+US: Paid Leave for the United States Ann Bookman, Director of the Center for Women in Politics and Public Policy and Clinical Professor in the Department of Public Policy and Public Affairs, John W. McCormack Graduate School for Policy and Global Studies, University of Massachusetts Boston Scott Coltrane, Provost and Senior Vice President, University of Oregon Ellen Galinsky, President and Co-Founder, Families and Work Institute Jennifer Glass, Barbara Pierce Bush Professor in Liberal Arts in the Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin Martine Hackett, Assistant Professor of Health Professions, Hofstra University Brad Harrington, Executive Director of the Boston College Center for Work & Family and Research Professor in the Carroll School of Management, Boston College Jeff Hayes, Program Director, Job Quality and Income Security, Institute for Women’s Policy Research Lisa Horn, Director of Congressional Affairs and Director of Workplace Flexibility Initiative, Society for Human Resource Management Ruth Milkman, Distinguished Professor of Sociology, City University of New York Graduate Center Sabrina Schaeffer, Executive Director, Independent Women’s Forum Brigid Schulte, Director of the Better Life Lab, New America Vicki Shabo, Vice President, National Partnership for Women & Families Ellyn Shook, Chief Leadership & Human Resources Officer, Accenture

This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Find related reports online at www.pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/social-trends.

Kim Parker, Director of Social Trends Research Juliana Horowitz, Associate Director, Research Nikki Graf, Research Associate Gretchen Livingston, Senior Researcher Anna Brown, Research Analyst Renee Stepler, Research Analyst Anthony Cilluffo, Research Assistant Claudia Deane, Vice President, Research Michael Keegan, Information Graphics Designer Travis Mitchell, Digital Producer Molly Rohal, Communications Manager Brian Mahl, Communications Coordinator David Kent, Copy Editor

Amanda Lenhart, Focus group consultant and moderator Diane Colasanto, Focus group consultant